What is TMJ, which can lead to your jaw locking when you stress too much?

Stress has become increasingly prevalent these days, and its consequences are often unknown. However, despite various factors to consider, one wouldn't typically anticipate it to impact your oral functioning. Nevertheless, this assumption is not entirely accurate.

What?

To understand the disorder, first, let's understand what is TMJ.

Dr Suhrab Singh, a dentist from Neo Hospital, Noida, explains that TMJ stands for temporomandibular joint. It refers to the joint that connects your jawbone (mandible) to your skull.

Now, what is the disorder that leads your jaws to lock?

TMJ disorder, also known as temporomandibular joint disorder or TMD, refers to a group of conditions that affect your temporomandibular joint and the muscles and ligaments surrounding it.

It can cause pain, discomfort, and problems with jaw movement.

One of the symptoms of TMJ disorder is the locking of the jaws.

Now, the other symptoms may include

• Jaw pain 
• Facial pain
• Earaches
• Headaches
• Clicking or popping sounds when opening or closing the mouth (yes it is not that common, and needs medical intervention if you feel pain while doing so)
• Difficulty or discomfort while chewing

 and

• A change in how the upper and lower teeth fit together.

What can cause TMJ disorder?

Experts claim that even though the cause of the disorder is not clear, there are certain factors that can cause TMJ disorder. 

The first one is obviously if you stress too much; however, Dr Suhrab Singh explains that there are a few other reasons also, such as: 

1. Too much chewing of gum or writing utensils (pencils)
2. Too much nail and lip biting
3. Jaw injury
4. Arthritis
5. Teeth grinding or clenching
6. Misalignment of the jaw or teeth

Dr Singh also says that the cases of TMJ have increased in recent years. He, says that it "can be due to increased stress and changing lifestyle". 

'People are still unaware'

TMJ disorder or TMD is a relatively common condition. It affects a significant number of people; however, people are not aware of the disease. 

• According to estimates, approximately 5% to 12% of the population may experience symptoms of TMJ disorder at some point in their lives.
• Data says it affects more women than men, with a female-to-male ratio of about 3:1.
• Due to the wide range of symptoms and the potential overlap with other conditions, TMJ disorder can sometimes be challenging to diagnose accurately. 

According to experts, even though the disease is fairly common, there is very less information about it in the world, and as Dr Singh says, people are not that aware and 'do not invest in dental care'.

'Incurable?'

According to Dr Singh, there is no permanent cure for the disease, and one can only manage TMJ. Here's how: 

1. Self-care and lifestyle changes:

• Applying heat or cold packs: Applying a warm compress or an ice pack to the affected area can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
• Eating soft foods: Avoiding hard, chewy, or sticky foods can reduce strain on the jaw joint.
• Stress and tension can worsen TMJ symptoms; so, techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or gentle exercises can help relax the jaw muscles.
• Avoiding excessive jaw movements: Limiting activities like gum chewing, wide yawning, or singing loudly can help prevent further strain on the jaw joint.
• Proper posture can help alleviate tension in the neck, jaw, and facial muscles.

2. Medication

• Even though you should not take painkillers or muscle relaxants, at times they can provide temporary relief from pain and reduce inflammation.

3. Dental treatments

• You can use mouth guards that can help stabilise the jaw, reduce teeth grinding or clenching, and alleviate symptoms.
• In cases where misaligned teeth or an improper bite contribute to TMJ disorder, go see a dentist. 

4. Physical therapy

•  Experts also recommend specific exercises that can help strengthen the jaw muscles, improve flexibility, and reduce pain.
• You can also get manual therapy performed by a physical therapist or specialised dentist, which can help relax tense muscles and improve jaw function.

Point to note

It's important to note that the treatment approach may vary from person to person, and it's best to consult with a healthcare professional or a dentist experienced in TMJ disorders. They can assess your specific situation and recommend the most appropriate treatment options tailored to your needs.