Study shows women with PCOS have higher body image issues. But what is this 'incurable' syndrome?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects a significant number of women worldwide, yet it remains a relatively under-discussed topic, especially in India. However, a recent study presented at the 2023 annual summit of the Endocrine Society by ENDO has shed light on this condition, particularly its influence on women's body image.

Study findings

The study indicates that women with PCOS experience a higher level of body image concerns compared to those without the condition. Through the utilization of the 'Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire Appearance Scales', researchers discovered that PCOS significantly impacts women's self-perception.

It revealed that women with PCOS exhibit increased worries about body weight, lower satisfaction with various body parts, and a perception of having a higher body weight compared to women without PCOS.

• The researchers from the Endocrine Society conducted three studies utilizing a specific questionnaire called the 'Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire Appearance Scales'. 
• The findings of the study indicate that there is a clinically significant impact on women with PCOS in terms of their body image and self-perception, compared to women who do not have the condition.
• The researchers discovered that women with PCOS exhibited significantly higher levels of concern about being overweight, lower satisfaction with various body parts (as assessed by the Body Parts Satisfaction Scale), and a perception of themselves as having a higher body weight compared to women without PCOS.

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Now, before getting into the nitty-gritty of this very little-known disorder, let us understand, what PCOS is.

Understanding PCOS

Dr Parul Singhal, a Senior Consultant Gynaecologist & Obstetrician, simplifies PCOS as a hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age. In a normal menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs alternately from each ovary.

However, for PCOS patients, one or both ovaries may not develop a dominant follicle, leading to irregular periods and the formation of multiple small cysts.

However, there is no clear understanding of why women can get PCOS.

According to Dr Parul, since PCOS is a syndrome, there are various reasons why you can get PCOS.  It is characterized by a combination of symptoms like irregular menstrual cycles, excess male hormones (which can cause the growth of facial and back hairs) and weight gain.  

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Causes and symptoms

The exact causes of PCOS remain unclear, but it is believed to involve various factors. PCOS is characterized by a combination of symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles, excess male hormones, and weight gain. The weight gain aspect plays a role in body image consciousness among affected women.

Associated health risks

PCOS is associated with an increased risk of developing other health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, infertility, and miscarriage. Hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and the subsequent impact on the body contribute to these risks.

Managing PCOS

Managing PCOS involves implementing lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management. Medications may also be prescribed to regulate menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, and improve insulin sensitivity.

Growing awareness

Dr Parul notes that there is a growing awareness of PCOS among Indians, with individuals even self-diagnosing themselves with the condition. This increased awareness is crucial in promoting early detection and management of PCOS.